Implikasi Perundangan Terhadap Industri Sukan Semasa Pandemik (Legal Implications Towards Sports Industry During Pandemic)

Abstract

The COVID--19 pandemic has a huge impact to an extent where the pattern of community life, business, social activities, education and even sports activities have changed completely. The outbreak was first detected in December 2019, and to date a total of 227 million cases and 4.6 million deaths have been recorded worldwide. As a result of this outbreak, special laws related to COVID--19 such as the Movement Control Order have been introduced which have caused the sports industry to be directly affected such as the crisis of stability of the sports industry ecosystem, the issue of cancellation of employment contracts, competitions, and broadcasting. This pandemic has made it difficult for the contracting parties to fulfill their responsibilities as agreed in the contract. This study will look at whether there are new laws, policies, statutes or regulations to help the sports industry during a pandemic. The need to look at this legislative position is important to ensure that the affected parties are protected and have access to due justice and are fully protected as clearly stated in the Sustainable Development Goals 2030 (SDG2030). This study uses a qualitative approach by examining the content of legal documents comprising of relevant national and international laws as well as comparing them with the rules of international sports bodies. The study found that both national and international aspects are complementary. The study also suggests that the legal provisions on the sports industry should be coordinated fairly in all three elements, namely the need for access to justice according to SDG2030, compliance with international and national laws and consistency with the rules and constitution of international sports bodies.

Abstrak

Pandemik COVID--19 telah memberikan impak yang besar sehingga menyebabkan corak kehidupan masyarakat, perniagaan, aktiviti sosial, pendidikan dan juga aktiviti sukan turut berubah sama sekali. Wabak ini yang pertama kali dikesan pada bulan Disember 2019, dan sehingga hari ini telah mencatatkan sebanyak 227 juta kes dan 4.6 juta kematian di seluruh dunia. Akibat daripada wabak ini, undang-undang khas berkaitan COVID--19 seperti Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan telah diperkenalkan dan menyebabkan industri sukan terkesan secara langsung seperti krisis kestabilan ekosistem industri sukan, isu pembatalan kontrak pekerjaan, pertandingan dan penyiaran. Pandemik ini telah menyukarkan pihak-pihak berkontrak untuk menyempurnakan tanggung jawab mereka seperti yang dipersetujui di dalam kontrak. Kajian ini akan melihat apakah wujud undang-undang, polisi atau statut atau peraturan baru bagi membantu industri sukan semasa pandemik. Keperluan untuk melihat kedudukan perundangan ini penting bagi memastikan pihak yang terkesan dilindungi dan mendapat akses kepada keadilan sewajarnya dan dilindungi secara total seperti yang dinyatakan dengan jelas dalam Matlamat Pembangunan Mampan 2030 (SDG2030). Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan analisis perundangan dengan mengkaji kandungan undang-undang (kebangsaan) berkaitan serta membandingkannya dengan peraturan badan sukan dunia (antarabangsa). Kajian mendapati kedua-dua aspek kebangsaan dan antarabangsa adalah saling melengkapi. Kajian ini juga mencadangkan agar peruntukan undang-undang ke atas industri sukan perlu diselaraskan seadilnya dalam ketiga-tiga elemen iaitu keperluan akses kepada keadilan menurut SDG2030, pematuhan kepada undang-undang antarabangsa dan kebangsaan serta konsisten dengan peraturan dan perlembagaan badan sukan dunia.

Kata Kunci: COVID--19, keadilan, industri sukan, undang-undang kebangsaan, peraturan antarabangsa