PRINSIP PEMERINTAHAN DALAM ISLAM MENURUT MUHAMMAD ASAD (The Principle of Islamic Governance According to Muhammad Asad)

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The paper discusses Muhammad Asad’s work on the principle of Islamic governance and its basic constitution and foundational structure. In this regard, he formulated the constitutional ideas of Islamic state whose constitution contains the provision of Islamic law that practiced and implemented the norms stated in the Quran and hadith. This idea was partly enshrined in the Pakistan constitutional law whose political establishment was formed in 1947. It essentially discussed Muhammad Asad’s political ideas and its underlying philosophy as espoused in his works, such as The principles of state and government in Islam, This law of ours and other essays, Islamic constitution making, journal Arafat, The message of the Quran, Sahih al-Bukhari the early years of Islam and etc. The study is based on qualitative methods in the form of library research. The data were analysed using descriptive, analytical and comparative methods. The finding shows that Muhammad Asad had formulated comprehensive theoretical framework of legal aspect of Islamic governance drawn up from the fundamental principle and doctrine of the shariah, and its moral norms derived from the teaching of the Quran and the sunnah, while advocating democratic ideals and principles based on conventional practice and requirement of modern context of nation state.

ABSTRAK

Kertas ini membincangkan pandangan politik Muhammad Asad dan falsafah pemikirannya tentang prinsip pemerintahan dalam Islam. Ia mengkaji teorinya tentang prinsip negara hukum, dasar dan prinsip tatakelola, asas perundangan dan struktur pentadbiran, isu-isu governans dan dustur (perlembagaan) negara Islam. Ini disorot dari penulisan dan buku-bukunya yang berkaitan seperti The Principles of State and Government in Islam, Islamic Constitution-Making, Calling All Muslims, This Law of Ours and Other Essays, Islam at the Crossroads, The Spirit of Islam, The Road to Mecca, jurnal Arafat, Sahih al-Bukhari the Early Years of Islam dan sebagainya. Kajian ini dirangka berasaskan metode kualitatif, berbentuk dokumentasi dan kajian kepustakaan. Data diperoleh dari sumber sumber primer dan sekunder yang terkait dan dianalisis secara deskriptif, analitis dan komparatif bagi mendapatkan gambaran yang menyeluruh, saintifik dan akurat. Penemuan kajian menunjukkan bahawa pemikirannya digarap dari kefahaman dan praktik shar‘iy yang mendasar berhubung aspek pemerintahan dan perundangan Islam yang diambil dari keterangan-keterangan al-Quran dan sunnah dan prinsip-prinsip asas hukum dan syariat. Ia turut menekankan keperluan untuk mengembangkan praktik dan ideal demokratik yang komprehensif dalam konteks mutakhir berikut kebangkitan negara bangsa yang dominan di zaman pasca moden.