HAK DAN PERLINDUNGAN PELARIAN MUSLIM FILIPINA MENURUT SYARIAH DAN UNDANG-UNDANG MALAYSIA: KAJIAN DI NEGERI SABAH (Rights and Protection of Muslim Philippines Refugees According to Islamic Law and Malaysian Law: A Study in Sabah)
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Migrasi pelarian Muslim Filipina ke Sabah telah direkodkan berlaku pada awal tahun 1970-an. Sehingga kini, kewujudan mereka telah memberikan pelbagai impak sama ada dari sudut ekonomi, politik, sosial dan keselamatan negeri Sabah. Walaupun kewujudan mereka dominan memberikan impak negatif, namun dari suatu sudut mereka merupakan golongan yang terdedah kepada ancaman bahaya yang memerlukan kepada perlindungan. Oleh itu, makalah ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hak dan perlindungan terhadap golongan pelarian. Hak dan perlindungan tersebut dibahaskan dari aspek undang-undang dan praktik Malaysia serta dibandingkan dengan syariah Islam. Hak dan perlindungan yang ditumpukan adalah hak mendapatkan perlindungan suaka, hak tidak dihantar pulang (nonrefoulement), hak tidak didiskriminasikan dan hak pendidikan kanak-kanak pelarian. Kajian ini merupakan kajian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode kepustakaan melalui instrumen analisa dokumen. Dapatan menunjukkan hak dan perlindungan golongan pelarian Filipina Muslim di Sabah masih kabur dan tidak menepati piawaian undang-undang antarabangsa dan syariah Islam. Golongan tersebut masih berada di persimpangan dalam mendapatkan kelangsungan hidup yang lebih baik dan terjamin. Diharapkan makalah ini dapat memberikan garis panduan kepada penggubal dasar sesebuah negara Islam dalam berdepan dengan golongan pelarian antarabangsa yang majoritinya melibatkan orang-orang Islam.
ABSTRACT
The migration of Muslim Philippines refugees to Sabah was recorded in early 1970. Until these days, their presence has effected the economy, social and the safety of Sabah. Even though they have brought more negative impacts to Sabah, yet they are still a group of people who exposed to the risks and require a proper protection. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze their rights and protection. It will be debated from the Malaysian Law and its practice and will be compared to the Islamic law. The focus is to acquire the rights in term of refuge, non-refoulement, non-discrimination and the education required for their child. This qualitative study was using a library method through analyzation of document instrument. Results showed that the rights and protection for the Muslim Philippines refugees in Sabah were not easily defined and did not reach the standard of the international legal philosophy and the outlined by Islam. Thus, they are still in conflicts to determine out a more honest life. With this paperwork, it will deliver an outline to the policy maker of an Islamic state to ensure the international refugees which involving mostly Muslims.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JH-2017-0902-02
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