House Crow Presence as Unsustainable Urban Indicator? (Kewujudan Gagak Rumah adalah Indikator Bandar Tidak Lestari?)
Abstract
ABSTRACT: House crows (Corvus splendens), normally known as pest organisms due to their unhygienic and noisy characteristics, are usually found in abundance in urban areas, particularly in areas that are littered with rubbish i.e. areas with poor waste management. They forage for scraps near littered market places and poorly maintained garbage dumps, where food waste is not well managed. These areas provide abundant feeding opportunities for scavenging birds, in particular house crows. In Malaysia, hot spot areas for house crow nesting are in the Klang Valley, namely in Kuala Lumpur, Kajang and Klang which are in the Greater Kuala Lumpur area. The presence of house crows have often been regarded as unsustainable urban indicators, in particular as indicators of unhygienic conditions, which in turn are indicators of poor urban cleanliness and health. This urban issue must be addressed effectively and house crows must be controlled to avoid widespread health problems due to their increasing population. In Malaysia, shooting was the only form of control of these urban pests. However, there is often a lack of precaution taken by the authorities during shooting exercises and high risks occur during and after these events. Proper management of these pest organisms is one of the crucial issues that need to be implemented, perhaps even with stronger legislative measure by the authorities in order to avoid health problems to human and negative impacts on the environment, economy and livestock.
Keywords: Urban indicator; unsustainable; environment; economy
ABSTRAK: Gagak rumah kebiasaannya dikenali sebagai organisma perosak kerana ciri-ciri yang tidak bersih dan bising. Kebiasaannya mereka berada di kawasan bandar terutamanya di kawasan yang dipenuhi dengan sampah. Kumpulan gagak ini akan memburu kawasan berhampiran pasar yang bersepah dan pembuangan sampah yang tidak diselenggarakan dengan baik serta sisa makanan tidak diuruskan dengan baik. Kawasan-kawasan ini sebenarnya menyediakan makanan yang mampu membuka banyak peluang untuk memerangkap burung. Di Malaysia, kawasan ‘hot spot’ untuk burung gagak membuat sarang adalah di kawasan Lembah Klang iaitu di Kuala Lumpur, Kajang dan Klang dan kawasan ini berada berhampiran Kuala Lumpur. Dengan wujudnya gagak rumah ini dapat memberi petunjuk bahawa kawasan tersebut merupakan bandar mampan. Namun khususnya ia juga menunjukkan keadaan tersebut tidak bersih maka boleh di gambarkan bandar miskin dari aspek kebersihan dan kesihatan. Isu perbandaran ini perlu ditangani dengan berkesan dan burung gagak perlu dikawal untuk mengekalkan masalah kesihatan yang meluas kerana bilangan penduduk meningkat. Di Malaysia, kaedah menembak merupakan salah satu cara kawalan perosak bandar ini. Walau bagaimanapun, terdapat kekangan dan langkah berjaga-jaga yang diambil oleh pihak berkuasa semasa latihan menembak untuk menjaga risiko yang terjadi sebelum dan selepas tindakan ini di lakukan. Pengurusan yang bijak terhadap organisma perosak ini merupakan isu yang sangat penting perlu dilakukan dan kemungkinan dengan langkah perundangan yang lebih kukuh oleh pihak berkuasa untuk mengawal kesihatan manusia dan kesan negatif kepada alam sekitar, ekonomi dan ternakan.
Kata Kunci: Penunjuk bandar; tidak mampan; alam sekitar; ekonomi
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