Pemerkasaan Watak Wanita Dalam Filem Berunsurkan Islam: Kajian Kes “Ketika Cinta Bertasbih” (Female Character’s Empowerment in Islamic Oriented Film: A Case Study of “Ketika Cinta Bertasbih”)

Abstract

Kajian ini memfokus kepada isu representasi wanita dalam filem berunsurkan Islam. Isu penindasan watak wanita oleh ideologi patriarki dalam filem sering diperdebatkan oleh para sarjana dalam pelbagai genre filem. Justeru, kajian ini melihat representasi watak wanita dalam genre filem berunsurkan Islam bagi mengetahui representasi watak wanita dalam filem berunsurkan Islam. Bagi mendapatkan data kajian, sebuah filem dari Indonesia arahan Hanung Bramantyo iaitu Ketika Cinta Bertasbih (2009) telah dipilih secara kaedah persampelan bertujuan dan dianalisis melalui pendekatan analisis tekstual secara mendalam. Analisis watak wanita yang terpilih dilakukan dengan menggunakan kerangka kritikan feminisme berserta teori Ilmu Sosial Profetik melalui teknik sinematik seperti syot kamera, pergerakan kamera dan dialog. Teori Ilmu Sosial Profetik ini diasaskan melalui kitab Al Quran, ayat 110 dalam surah Ali ‘Imran dan ia memiliki dua konsep perlakuan iaitu Humanisasi dan Liberasi serta satu konsep matlamat iaitu Transendensi. Penulis ingin bahaskan di sini bahawa dalam Ketika Cinta Bertasbih, terdapat watak-watak wanita yang melalui proses pemerkasaan selepas berlakunya penindasan terhadap mereka dan proses pemerkasaan watak wanita ini pula boleh difahami dalam dua bentuk iaitu pemerkasaan berkonsepkan Islam dan juga proses pemerkasaan feminisme. Dapatan ini mampu memberi nilai tambah terhadap kefahaman mengenai genre berunsurkan Islam, iaitu melalui pemaparan watak wanita.  Analisis gabungan teori ini juga memberikan dimensi baharu dalam kaedah menganalisis filem berunsurkan Islam.

ABSTRACT

This research focuses on women’s representation in Islamic oriented film. Women’s characters are more often than not being the victims of patriarchal ideology in various film genres and has been one of the most often discussed issues amongst film scholars. Hence, this research tries to scrutinize women’s representation in Islamic oriented film genre to prove that there is an effort to liberate these women from oppression. For this purpose, Hanung Bramantyo’s Ketika Cinta Bertasbih (2009) from Indonesia has been selected as a sample through purposive sampling and has been analysed using in-depth textual analysis approach. Selected women characters have been analysed by using the Prophetic Social Science theory and feminist framework, based on cinematic techniques such as camera shot, camera movement and dialogue. Prophetic Social Science theory is a theory that is based on a Quranic verse, specifically from chapter Ali ‘Imran, verse 110. It consists of two behavioural elements which are Humanization and Liberation, with one vision element which is Transcendence. We argue that in this specific Islamic oriented film, there are several womens characters who have been empowered after ongoing oppression attempts against them in the narrative and this empowerment process can be understood in two forms; Islamic conceptual empowerment and feminism empowerment. These findings can provide added value to the understanding of the Islamic-based genre through female characters and the combination of the theories also provides a new dimension in analyzing Islamic oriented films.