Kaedah Penterjemahan Kata Abstrak ‘Yuqi Zhuci Tipikal’ ke dalam Bahasa Melayu (The Methods Used in Translating the Abstract Words ‘Typical Yuqi Zhuci’ into Malay)

Abstract

Yuqi zhuci ialah kata abstrak yang mendukung fungsi tatabahasa dan lazimnya digunakan pada penghujung ayat. Ia mempunyai pelbagai fungsi yang mempengaruhi makna teks. Makalah ini bertujuan mengenal pasti dan menghuraikan kaedah penterjemahan yang digunakan oleh penterjemah dalam menangani penterjemahan yuqi zhuci dalam terjemahan bahasa Cina - bahasa Melayu. Untuk tujuan analisis, kajian ini memanfaatkan definisi yuqi zhuci oleh Zhang Bin, pengkategorian yuqi zhuci oleh Shao Jingmin, fungsi dan pengkategorian yuqi zhuci tipikal dalam ayat bahasa Cina oleh Zhang Bin (2010) serta kaedah penterjemahan yuqi zhuci yang digagaskan oleh Liu Xu (2005). Analisis kajian ini bersifat deskriptif dan berdasarkan konteks ayat. Hasil dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa kaedah penyambungan, penggabungan dan penukaran struktur ayat dapat digunakan untuk menyalin fungsi yuqi zhuci tipikal daripada teks sumber dalam bahasa Cina kepada teks sasaran dalam bahasa Melayu. Kaedah penterjemahan serangkai, iaitu gabungan mana-mana daripada tiga kaedah yang digagaskan oleh Liu Xu juga boleh digunakan. Faktor penentuan kaedah penterjemahan yuqi zhuci ialah fungsi yuqi zhuci tipikal dalam teks sumber, konteks cerita, niat penutur dan ketepatan nada penutur.  Selain itu, dapatan kajian turut mencadangkan supaya penjenisan ayat yang mengandungi yuqi zhuchi oleh Zhang Bin (2010) boleh ditambahkan satu jenis ayat lagi, iaitu ayat elipsis. Fungsi tatabahasa yuqi zhuci ternyata mendukung peranan yang penting dalam penyampaian makna dan mesej dalam teks, lantas item linguistik ini perlu ditangani dengan baik dalam penterjemahan.

Katakunci: Yuqi zhuci tipikal; kata abstrak; cerpen Mahua; terjemahan Cina – Melayu; kaedah penterjemahan

ABSTRACT

Yuqi zhuci refers to abstract words that carries grammatical functions and is typically used at the end of sentences. It has multiple functions that could affect the meaning of the text. This paper aims to identify and describe the translation methods used by translators in handling the yuqi zhuci found in the Chinese - Malay translation. For the purpose of the analysis, this study utilizes the definition of yuqi zhuci by Zhang Bin, the categorization of yuqi zhuci by Shao Jingmin, the categorization of typical yuqi zhuci in Chinese sentences by Zhang Bin as well as the translation methods of yuqi zhuci by Liu Xu. The analysis of this research is descriptive in nature, and based on the context of the text. The results of this study show that the extension and merging methods and the method of changing the sentence structure can be used to deliver the functions of typical yuqi zhuci from the source text in Chinese into the targeted text that is in Malay. The couplet translation method, which is the combination of any of the methods proposed by Liu Xu can also be employed. Factors which determine the methods for translating yuqi zhuci are the functions of typical yuqi zhuci in the source text, the context of the story, the speaker’s intention as well as the accuracy of the speaker’s intonation. In addition, findings from the study suggest that Zhang Bin’s (2010) classification of sentences containing yuqi zhuci can be expanded to include another type of sentence namely the ellipsis sentence. The grammatical function of yuqi zhuci evidently plays an important role in delivering a text’s meaning and message. Thus, it is imperative for this linguistic item to be handled with care in translation.

Keywords: Typical yuqi zhuci; abstract words; short stories of Mahua; Chinese- Malay translation; translation methods