Kitaran Kemiskinan dan Gengsterisme dalam Masyarakat India: Kajian di Kawasan Lembah Klang (The Cycle of Poverty and Gengsterism in Indian Society: A Study in the Klang Valley)

Abstract

Gengsterisme dalam kalangan orang India amat membimbangkan kerana banyak terlibat dalam pelbagai jenayah seperti rompakan bersenjata, samun secara berkumpulan, pembunuhan, pengedaran dadah, ugutan, perculikan dan lain-lain.Walaupun, banyak kajian telah dijalankan mengenai isu gengsterisme, tetapi sangat sedikit kajian yang benar-benar meneroka isu ini di Malaysia. Kekurangan ini disebabkan ahli kumpulan gengster itu sendiri yang tidak mahu tampil untuk berkongsi pengalaman mereka atas faktor keselamatan. Oleh yang demikian, artikel ini bertujuan untuk menghuraikan penglibatan orang India dalam kegiatan gengsterisme dalam konteks kitaran kemiskinan di Lembah Klang. Kajian ini telah menggunakan kaedah kualitatif dan jenis kajian naratif bagi meneroka pengalaman yang dilalui oleh ahli dalam kumpulan gengster. Kaedah temu bual mendalam telah dijalankan ke atas dua orang ahli yang dipilih berasaskan pensampelan bertujuan, yang mana mereka mempunyai kedudukan paling tinggi dalam kumpulan gengster. Hasil kajian mendapati penglibatan orang India dalam kumpulan gengster adalah disebabkan oleh terbelenggu dalam kitaran kemiskinan. Orang India yang berpendapatan rendah, tidak mendapat pendidikan tinggi, hidup di kejiranan miskin dan pengaruh keluarga lebih cenderung terlibat dalam kumpulan gengster untuk mencapai kemewahan. Justeru itu, masalah penglibatan orang India dalam kegiatan gengsterisme perlu dikawal bagi mengelak stigma masyarakat dengan pelbagai mekanisme yang bersesuaian supaya kaum ini tidak dilabel dan dikaitkan dengan gengterisme. Oleh itu, implikasi kajian ini dapat dijadikan panduan kepada pelbagai pihak khususnya Polis Diraja Malaysia dalam merangka dan menggubal dasar yang bersesuaian bagi menangani gejala gengsterisme ini.

Kata kunci: Jenayah, gengsterisme; Orang India; kemiskinan; kumpulan gengster

Abstract: Gangsterism among Indians is very worrying because many are involved in various crimes such as armed robbery, gang robbery, murder, drug trafficking, intimidation, kidnapping, and others. Although many studies have been conducted on the issue of gangsterism, very little research has really explored this issue in Malaysia. This lack is due to the members of the gangsters themselves, who do not want to come forward to share their experiences for security reasons. Thus, the purpose of this study is to explain how Indians participate in gangsterism within the framework of the Klang Valley's poverty cycle. The experiences of gangster group members have been investigated in this study through qualitative techniques and narrative research. Two individuals who held the highest positions in the gangster group and were chosen by purposive sampling were subjected to the in-depth interview procedure. According to the study's findings, Indians who are caught in a cycle of poverty are more likely to get involved with gangster groups. Indians who live in impoverished districts, have low wages, lack higher education, and are influenced by their families are more prone to join mafia groups in an attempt to become wealthy. Therefore, the problem of the involvement of Indians in gangsterism needs to be controlled to avoid the stigma of society with various appropriate mechanisms so that this race is not labelled and associated with gangsterism. Thus, the study's implications can serve as a reference for different parties, particularly the Royal Malaysian Police, in developing and implementing suitable policies to combat gangsterism.

Keywords: Crime, gangsterism, Indians, poverty, gangsters

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