Pengurangan risiko menjadi fokus dalam menghadapi bencana secara global oleh Persidangan Antarabangsa (World Conference on Disaster Reduction, WCDR) di Jepun sejak tahun 2005. Hasil daripada persidangan tersebut telah mewujudkan Kerangka Hyogo untuk Tindakan 2005-2015 (Hyogo Framework for Action, 2005-2015). Kerangka Hyogo ini diperbaharui dengan Kerangka Sendai (2015-2030) dengan bertujuan memperkasakan komuniti untuk bertindak dalam mengurangkan keterancaman terhadap bahaya bencana. Namun kebanyakan pengalaman kes bencana di Malaysia, komuniti menggunakan pendekatan dengan menunggu bantuan yang dihulurkan berbanding mengambil inisiatif menyelamat dan menyelesaikan isu dihadapi terlebih dahulu. Ini kerana, komuniti tidak seharusnya dipandang sebagai golongan pasif sebaliknya mereka merupakan first-responder yang perlu diperkasakan dengan penglibatan aktif dari bawah ke atas (bottom – up). Walau bagaimanapun, kajian mengenai pengurusan bencana bagi memperkasakan komuniti dalam pengurusan bencana masih terhad di Malaysia. Oleh itu, ulasan artikel ini berkaitan dengan tindakan komuniti dalam pengurusan bencana banjir. Artikel ini turut memfokuskan pemerkasaan komuniti, tindakan komuniti, serta daya tahan komuniti dalam mengendalikan bencana. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah melalui carian literatur daripada pangkalan data seperti Scopus, Web of Science, Research Gate, Sciencedirect dan Google Scholar. Bilangan akhir artikel jurnal yang terpilih sebanyak 10 kajian. Tema-tema yang wujud daripada ulasan ini ialah pengetahuan komuniti, pengalaman dalam menghadapi bencana, kepimpinan jawatankuasa komuniti dan penglibatan komuniti. Oleh itu, komuniti seharusnya mempunyai panduan tindakan dalam pengurusan bencana yang komprehensif bagi mengurangkan kesan daripada krisis bencana dan dapat mengembalikan kefungsian hidup mereka selepas bencana.

Kata kunci: Pengurusan bencana; pemerkasaan komuniti; tindakan komuniti; daya tahan komuniti; komuniti bencana banjir

Abstract: Risk reduction has become a global focus in disaster management, emphasized by the World Conference on Disaster Reduction (WCDR) in Japan since 2005. The outcome of this conference led to the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015. This Hyogo Framework has been updated with the Sendai Framework (2015-2030), aiming to empower communities to reduce their vulnerability to disaster risks. However, most disaster experiences in Malaysia show that communities tend to rely on external assistance rather than taking the initiative to address and resolve issues themselves. This is because communities should not be seen as passive groups but rather as first responders who need to be empowered through active bottom-up involvement. Nevertheless, research on disaster management for empowering communities in Malaysia is still limited. Therefore, this article reviews community action in flood disaster management. It focuses on community empowerment, community action, and community resilience in handling disasters. The methodology used involves literature searches from databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, ResearchGate, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The final number of selected articles journal are 10. The themes emerging from this review are community knowledge, disaster experience, community leadership, and community engagement. Hence, communities should have comprehensive plan action of disaster management strategies to mitigate the impact of disaster crises and restore their functionality after a disaster.

Keywords: Disaster management, community empowerment, community action, community resilience, community flood disaster

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