Selain daripada golongan dewasa, salah satu fokus terkini kajian psikologi positif ialah mengkaji ciri-ciri kesejahteraan subjektif remaja. Penilaian remaja tentang kepuasan sekolah dan kekerapan pengalaman remaja berkaitan perasaan positif dan negatif di sekolah adalah penting kerana ia akan memberi kesan kepada banyak aspek dalam kehidupan remaja. Namun, bukti empirikal kajian mengenai kesejahteraan di Indonesia masih terbatas, terutama yang berkaitan dengan persekitaran sekolah yang turut mempengaruhi kesejahteraan subjektif dalam kalangan remaja. Kejayaan remaja menyesuaikan diri dalam persekitaran sekolah akan membawa kesan positif terhadap tahap kesejahteraan subjektifnya. Kajian ini menyiasat kesan penyesuaian kendiri terhadap kesejahteraan subjektif dalam kalangan remaja di Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Seramai 384 orang remaja, yang terdiri daripada 218 perempuan dan 166 lelaki, dalam gred 7 hingga 9 di Yogyakarta, Indonesia telah menjawab soal selidik penyesuaian kendiri dan kesejahteraan subjektif di sekolah. Analisis statistik dilakukan menggunakan perisian komputer JAMOVI, versi 1.6.23. Secara keseluruhannya, penyesuaian kendiri dan kesejahteraan subjektif responden kajian berada pada tahap sederhana. Keputusan Ujian Korelasi Pearson mendapati wujudnya hubungan yang signifikan antara kedua-dua pemboleh ubah. Keputusan analisis regresi menunjukkan R = 0.533 (p < 0.001) dan R2 = 28.43 %. Hal ini menunjukkan bahawa penyesuaian kendiri menyumbang kepada kesejahteraan subjektif dan secara berkesan diukur oleh permasalahan eksternalisasi, permasalahan internalisasi, keakraban dan konflik dengan guru, isolasi dan tingkah laku prososial dengan rakan. Keputusan kajian juga membawa implikasi bahawa kesejahteraan subjektif meningkat dengan kejayaan remaja dalam menyesuaikan diri di sekolah.

Kata kunci: penyesuaian kendiri; kesejahteraan subjektif; remaja; sekolah; masyarakat kolektivistik

Abstract: Other than adults, one of the latest focuses of positive psychology studies is studying the attributes of the subjective well-being of teenagers. Adolescents' assessment of school satisfaction and the frequency of students' experiences of positive and negative affect at school becomes essential because it subsequently affects many aspects of a teenager's life. However, empirical evidence on well-being research in Indonesia is still limited, especially regarding the school environment, which also affects subjective well-being among teenagers. The success of teenagers adapting to their school environment will positively affect their level of subjective well-being. The present study investigates the effect of self-adjustment on subjective well-being among adolescents in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Three hundred and eighty-four teenagers, consisting of 218 females and 166 males, grades 7-9 in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, answered a questionnaire on self-adjustment and subjective well-being at school. Statistical analysis was performed using JAMOVI computer software, version 1.6.23. Overall, the self-adjustment and subjective well-being of the respondents are moderate. The Pearson correlation test found a significant relationship between the two variables. The regression analysis showed R = 0.533 (p < 0.001) and R2 = 28.43 %. These results demonstrate that self-adjustment contributes to subjective well-being and is effectively measured by externalizing problems, internalizing problems, closeness and conflict with teachers, isolation, and prosocial behaviour with friends. The study results also imply that subjective well-being increases with the success of adolescents in adjusting to school.

Keywords: self-adjustment; subjective well-being; teenagers; school; collectivistic society

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