Reconstruction Vowels and Diphthongs of Proto Patani Malay Dialect of Narathiwat
Abstract
The Patani Malay dialect is one of the Malay dialects spoken in southern Thailand, primarily in Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat, and parts of Songkhla. Based on several studies on the Patani Malay dialect that previous researchers have discussed, it can be confirmed that no researcher has yet tried to reconstruct the ancient form of the Patani Malay dialect, especially in the Narathiwat region. Accordingly, this study aims to describe the vowel phonemes and diphthongs system of the Patani Malay dialect of Narathiwat (PMDN) and reconstruct the vowel phonemes and diphthongs form of the Patani Malay dialect of Narathiwat (PMDN) to obtain the ancient form of these two phonemes. This study is a descriptive qualitative study that uses a historical linguistic approach. Both library and field methods were used to gather information and data on the Patani Malay dialect. The study focuses on several villages in the Narathiwat region, including Kresor (KRS), Buketa (BKT), Puyok (PYK), Munok (MNK), Benae Luwas (BNL), and Aikubu (AKB). The analysis conducted shows that the Patani Malay dialect of Narathiwat Proto (PMDNP) has eight vowel phonemes, namely the vowels *i, *u, *e, *ɘ, *o, *ɛ, *ɔ, and *a which consist of two vowels narrow, three semi-narrow vowels, two semi-wide vowels, and one broad vowel and has five diphthong phonemes, namely diphthongs *ai, *ae, *aɛ, *au, and *ao. This study is expected to contribute to and further develop knowledge in Malay linguistics, particularly concerning the Patani Malay dialect.
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