Kesahan dan Kebolehpercayaan Instrumen Kraf Kerja (Validity and Reliability of Job Crafting Instrument)

Abstract

Selari dengan tuntutan pemupukan kreativiti dalam pendidikan, Kraf Kerja dilihat sebagai solusi yang wajar dikaji dalam konteks pedagogi bagi membantu guru-guru melakukan perubahan dalam penyampaian pengajaran mereka kepada pengajaran yang memupuk kreativiti. Kajian tinjauan ini menguji kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan instrumen Kraf Kerja berdasarkan model pengukuran Rasch. Instrumen telah ditadbirkan kepada 110 orang guru Pendidikan Islam sekolah rendah di Kuala Lumpur dan Putrajaya. Data dianalisis menggunakan perisian WINSTEPS. Kesahan muka dan kesahan kandungan instrumen diuji dan disahkan melalui persetujuan empat orang pakar. Kebolehpercayaan instrumen diuji menggunakan empat analisis pemeriksaan kefungsian item. Didapati kesemua item dalam instrumen ini telah melepasi tiga aspek pemeriksaan, iaitu: i) kebolehpercayaan dan pengasingan item, ii) kekutuban item melalui nilai Korelasi Ukuran Titik Pusat (PTMEA CORR), dan ii) item bersandar berdasarkan korelasi residual terpiawai. Namun, bagi analisis keempat iaitu iv) kesesuaian item mengukur konstruk, terdapat dua item yang tidak melepasi nilai penerimaan dan telah digugurkan, menjadikan instrumen Kraf Kerja ini mempunyai 18 item sahaja yang boleh diterima. Selain menjamin kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan instrumen, implikasi kajian ini juga menyumbangkan instrumen Kraf Kerja yang sesuai digunakan dalam konteks pendidikan di Malaysia untuk mewujudkan pengajaran yang memupuk kreativiti.

Kata kunci: Model Pengukuran Rasch; Kraf Kerja; Kesahan; Kebolehpercayaan; Kekutuban Item

In line with the demands of inculcating creativity in education, Job Crafting is seen as a viable solution in the context of pedagogy to help teachers make changes in their teaching delivery towards promoting creativity. This study assessed the validity and reliability of Job Crafting instrument based on Rasch's measurement model. The instrument was administered to 110 Islamic education primary school teachers in Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya. Data was analysed using WINSTEPS software. The face and content validity of the instrument were assessed and validated with the approval of four experts. The reliability of the instrument was tested using four item functioning analysis. It was found that all items in this instrument passed three aspects of assessment, namely: i) item reliability and isolation, ii) item polarity through the point measure correlation (PTMEA CORR) value, and ii) dependent items based on standardized residual correlation. However, for the fourth analysis, namely iv) item fit, there were two items that did not pass the acceptance value and were dropped, making this Job Crafting instrument only contain 18 acceptable items. In addition to guaranteeing the validity and reliability of the instrument, the implications of this study also contributed a  Job Crafting instrument that is suitable for use in the educational context of Malaysia to create teaching that fosters creativity.

Key Words: Rasch Measurement Model; Job Crafting; Validity; Reliability; Item Polarity