ANALYSIS ON LOGIC IN MI‛YAR AL-‛ILM FI FANN AL-MANTIQ (Analisis Mantik dalam Mi‛yar al-‛Ilm fī Fann al-Mantiq)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Mi‛yar al-‛Ilm fī Fann al-Mantiq of al-Ghazalī is the first book on Islamic logic. But a specific, comprehensive and exclusive study on its essence of the scientific contents and its importance in developing scientific thinking has never been done yet. Therefore, this study investigated qualitatively the background of Mi‛yar and its contents using content analysis. In this study, the data which were collected using documentation method has been analyzed using the inductive, deductive and comparative methods. The process of analysis on logic in Mi‛yaralso been done using textual analysis method or textual content analysis method. This is because it is textual study. This study found that the theories, methods and thoughts on logic in Mi‛yar have several similarities and differences with the logic of Aristotle. This study also found that many reforms, improvements, purifications and reconciliations have been made in Mi‛yar which uplifted the theories on logic in Mi‛yar as the theories of Islamic logic. In addition, this study found that the examples of logic application in Mi‛yar are highly relevant to the life of a Muslim. Mi‛yar should be a basic source of learning on logic and thinking methods of Muslims either in secondary schools or universities. Hence the constant and deep study on the content of Mi‛yar is very significant and has high impact. But the dissemination of the output of this the next action that should be realized.
ABSTRAK
Mi‛yar al-‛Ilm fī Fann al-Mantiq karangan al-Ghazalī merupakan kitab mantik Islam yang pertama. Begitu pun, kajian secara spesifik, komprehensif dan eksklusif tentang inti pati kandungan saintifiknya dan kepentingannya dalam mengembangkan pemikiran saintifik belum pernah dilakukan. Justeru kajian ini menyelidiki latar belakang Mi‛yār dan kandungannya. Kajian kualitatif ini menggunakan metode analisis kandungan. Data yang dikumpul menggunakan metode dokumentasi telah dianalisis menggunakan metode induktif, deduktif dan perbandingan. Proses penganalisisan mantik dalam Mi‛yar pula dilakukan menggunakan metode analisis teks atau metode analisis kandungan teks. Hal ini kerana kajian ini merupakan kajian tekstual. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa teori-teori, kaedah-kaedah dan pemikiran mantik dalam Mi‛yar ada persamaan dan perbezaan dengan mantik Aristotle. Kajian ini juga menemui banyak pembaharuan, penambahbaikan, pemurnian dan penyesuaian dalam Mi‛yar
sehingga mengangkat teori mantik dalam Mi‛yār sebagai teori mantik Islam. Selain daripada itu, kajian ini mendapati bahawa contoh-contoh aplikasi mantik dalam Mi‛yar adalah sangat relevan dengan kehidupan seorang Islam. Tegasnya, Mi‛yar patut menjadi sumber asasi pembelajaran ilmu mantik dan kaedah berfikir bagi umat Islam sama ada pada peringkat sekolah menengah atau universiti. Justeru kajian yang berterusan dan mendalam terhadap kandungan Mi‛yār adalah amat signifikan dan berimpak tinggi. Begitupun penyebarluasan hasil kajian tersebut adalah tindakan seterusnya yang patut direalisasikan.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JH-2017-0902-01
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