THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT FOR USE OF FORCE
Abstract
ABSTRACT
This study tackles the historical development for force use since the ancient time, to the time it was taken into account and organized in the Charter of the United Nations. The research problem was represented by the over-use of power from the ancient times until our time. The historical approach was adopted; that is by referring to the past we can understand the present. The objective of this paper is to state the phases the organization of this power passed through, and how countries used to deal with those who use power. The result reached at is that the ancient societies with whatever civilizational development they had used to resort to the means of violence and power for simple reasons, and that the most significant reasons for originating that conflict and clash were the absence of communication between these societies and the difference of the cultural and intellectual development among them, and also the pursuit of trade and water resources and other resources which legalize possessing all properties the other used to have.
ABSTRAK
Kajian ini menyentuh tentang penggunaan kekerasan sepanjang sejarah sehingga ia dibincangkan dan disusun melalui Piagam Pertubuhan Bangsa-bangsa Bersatu. Permasalahan kajian menunjukkan bahawa penggunaan kekerasan banyak berlaku pada zaman lampau sehingga ke hari ini. Makalah ini menggunakan metode persejarahan dengan merujuk kepada peristiwa zaman lampau bagi memahami peristiwa masa kini. Objektif makalah ini ialah bagi menerangkan tentang fasa-fasa yang dilalui oleh proses penyusunan piagam berkaitan penggunaan kekerasan, dan bagaimana negara-negara terlibat berinteraksi dan menghadapi pihak yang menggunakan kekerasan. Tulisan ini menyimpulkan bahawa masyarakat lampau, tidak kira tahap tamadun yang dicapai, mereka tetap menggunakan kekerasan dan tindakan ganas meskipun hanya kerana sebab yang amat remeh. Tulisan ini juga menyimpulkan bahawa faktor paling ketara kepada tercetusnya pertelingkahan dan perselisihan ialah kerana ketiadaan komunikasi antara masyarakat dan perbezaan perkembangan kebudayaan dan pemikiran di antara pihak-pihak yang terlibat, juga demi kerana perdagangan dan bagi mendapatkan sumber air dan lain-lain yang boleh diperoleh daripada pihak yang mengalami kekalahan.
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Aouachirh, Rgih. 2002. Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict. Tesis Ph.D. Ain Shams University.
Amer, Salah al-Din, 1976. Introduction to the Study of the Law of Armed Conflict. Ed.1. Dar al- Arab Thought: t.tp.
Alboo, Anas. 2006. Policy Center and Toterha Force in International Relations. SANA: Damascus.
Azmi Hussein, Zacarias, 1978. Theory of War to the Theory of Armed Conflict. Tesis Ph.D. University of Cairo.
Dharori, Megidd. 1973. War and Peace in the Legitimacy of Islam. Beirut: Dar United for Publication.
Ferjani, Omar Ahmad. t.th. The Assets of International Relations in Islam. Ed. 2. t.tp. House Read the translation and printing and publishing and media services:
Ghanem, Mohamed Hafez. 1967. Principles of Public International Law. Cairo: Renaissance New Press.
al-Helo, Hasan-Aziz Nour. 2007. Terrorism in International Law. Tesis Master. Arab Open Academy in Denmark.
Jami‛, Abdul Aziz Ali, 1995. The Law of War. Cairo: t.pt.
Jatheri, Charles. 2007. Knew of Just War. t.tp: Bloomsbury International Foundation for printing and publishing.
Khazraji, Kamel-Tamer. 2005. International Political Relations and Crisis Management Strategy. Ed. 1. Amman: Dar al-Majdalawi for printing and publishing.
Khadduri, Majid.1962. War and Peace in the Law of Islam. Baltimore: t.pt.
Metwally, Ragab Abdel-Moneim. 1999. The Principle of Prohibition of the Acquisition of Territory by Force in the Light of Contemporary International Law with the Applied Study of the Iraqi Aggression Against Kuwait. Tesis Ph.D. University of Cairo.
Nasiri, Mahmoud Mohammed. 2003. Use of force in international relations. Journal of the National Guard. http://haras.naseeh.co.m.
al-Qadri, Abdul Qadir.1984. Public International Law. Ed. 1. Rabat: Library
Sidky, Abdo al-Rahim. 1985. Political Terrorism and International Law. Cairo: Dar al-Arab culture.
Saad, Ismail Ali. 1998. Study of the Theory of Power in Political Sociology. Alexandria: Dar University Knowledge.
al-Shukri, Ali Youssef. 2007. International Terrorism in the Light of the New World Order. Ed. 1. Cairo: Aatrak for printing and publishing.
Seyd Rajab, Omar al-Faruq. 1992. Power of the State. Cairo: Library Madbouli. Selim, Mohammed Hamada, 2009. Just War in International Law. Tesis Ph.D. Faculty of Law. Zagazig University.
Shaddoud, Majid.1991. International Political Relations. Ed. 2. t.tp: Publications of the University of Damascus.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JH-2016-0801-09
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
ISSN: 1985-6830
eISSN: 2550-2271
JURNAL HADHARI: AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
Institut Islam Hadhari
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
43600 UKM Bangi
Selangor, MALAYSIA.
Phone: +603-8921 7187/7176/6994
Fax: +603-8921 6990
Email: jhadhari@ukm.edu.my
Web: ejournals.ukm.my/jhadhari