KUALITI ILMU BERASASKAN KESAHAN DAN KEBOLEHPERCAYAAN DATA DALAM PENYEBARAN ILMU ISLAM: PERBINCANGAN BERASASKAN KAJIAN KUALITATIF (Knowledge Quality Based on Data Validity and Reliability in the Dissemination of Islamic Knowledge: Discussion Based on Quali

Abstract

ABSTRAK 

Dalam kajian yang menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, data yang diperoleh perlu diyakini dan benar agar hasil dapatan kajian boleh dipercayai dan tidak dipertikaikan kesahihannya. Kajian kualitatif mengariskan beberapa proses untuk mempastikan data yang diperoleh mempunyai  kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan yang tinggi. Proses ini sememangnya telah dilalui dan dilakukan oleh para sahabat, tabiin, tabi’ tabiin dan ulama dalam proses mengumpul dan menyebarkan ilmu Islam, malah proses yang dilalui jauh lebih terperinci dan sistematik untuk mempastikan kesahihan ilmu sejak zaman Rasulullah. Justeru, penulisan ini membincangkan proses kesahihan ilmu dalam pengumpulan dan penyebaran ilmu Islam yang terbukti kebenarannya yang sebahagiannya dilakukan dalam proses pengumpulan data melalui kaedah kualitatif bagi  memperoleh  kesahan  dan  kebolehpercayaan  suatu  kajian.  Perbincangan ini  memberi  tumpuan  kepada  enam  jenis  proses  bagi  memastikan  kesahan  dan kebolehpercayaan dalam kajian kualitatif iaitu triangulasi, tempoh kajian yang lama (prolonged engagement), persetujuan peserta kajian (member checking), penelitian rakan sebaya (peer review), jejak audit (audit trail) dan bias pengkaji (researcher’s bias). Kesimpulannya, perbincangan ini mengupas bagaimana para ilmuan Islam amat menitikberatkan kesahihan ilmu yang disampaikan sehingga ilmu itu boleh dipercayai dan diyakini untuk manjadi amalan yang diterima sehingga ke hari ini.

ABSTRACT

In a study using qualitative approach, the data obtained should be reliable and correct so that the results are reliable and have undisputed authenticity. Qualitative study outlines some of the processes to ensure that the data obtained have high validity and reliability. This process has certainly been done by the companions of the Prophet, the successors of the Prophet, the successor’s successors and Islamic scholars in their journey to collect and disseminate Islamic knowledge; in fact, the processes that they went through were much more detailed and systematic to ensure the validity of the knowledge since the days of the Prophet. Hence, this paper discusses the processes of knowledge validation in the collection and dissemination of Islamic knowledge that were attested, which were partly done in the process of data collection through qualitative methods to gain validity and reliability of an inquiry. This discussion focuses on six types of processes to ensure the validity and reliability in qualitative studies, which were triangulation, prolonged engagement, member checking, peer review, audit trail, and researcher’s bias. In conclusion, this discussion explains how the Islamic scholars highly emphasizes the validity of the knowledge disseminated so that the knowledge are reliable and trustworthy to become accepted practices up to this day.