Urban Planning: The Urgent Needs to Redevelop Ex-Landfill Sites as Public Parks in Malaysia (Perancangan Bandar: Keperluan Mendesak Terhadap Pembangunan Semula Tapak Bekas Tapak Pelupusan Sebagai Taman Awam di Malaysia)
Abstract
ABSTRACT: As the center of human habitation, the city’s growing in tandem with the increase of urban population dan urban sprawl’s. The increase in urban population has created a variety of effects on space and environment. The urban space limitations urged people especially urban society to utilize their existing space as best as possible and looking at the potential to reused the contaminated natural resources. In the other hand, the urban sprawl has sparked a conflict between the settlement and the brownfill area; especially the ex-landfill site. The existence of 147 ex-landfill sites areas in the vicinity of urban settlement requires an action to restructuring of the urban planning in Malaysia. Ex-landfill sites which is synonymous with the negative impact on the environment and public perception must be redevelop immediately. Development needs of the ex-landfill site in the context of development in Malaysia are articulated in the National Urban Policy and the National Landscape Policy. Redevelopment of the ex-landfill is not only said to be able to mitigate with the environment problems, but also could improve the number of urban spaces and the urban economy. Hence, this paper argues the need for ex-landfill sites to be redeveloped as a public park or open spaces. Therefore, the planning standard of 2 hectares of open spaces per 1,000 urban populations could be achieved. The argument on the needs of redevelopment ex-landfill site as open space or Public Park will also be supported with literature data and field studies that show the effect of increasing well-being of the urban society based as the impact of the redevelopment of ex-landfill site as public park.
Keywords: Urban planning; ex-landfill sites; public parks; Malaysia
ABSTRAK: Sebagai tempat kehidupan manusia, peningkatan perbandaran semakin meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan jumlah penduduk bandar. Peningkatan penduduk bandar telah mewujudkan pelbagai kesan pada ruang dan persekitaran. Batasan ruang bandar menggesa rakyat terutama masyarakat bandar untuk menggunakan ruang yang ada dengan sebaik mungkin dan melihat potensi untuk digunakan semula sumber semula jadi yang tercemar. Di satu sudut pandang lain, di kawasan bandar telah mencetuskan konflik antara penyelesaian dan kawasan ‘brownfill’ itu; terutama tapak bekas pelupusan sampah. Kewujudan 147 bekas tapak pelupusan sampah di sekitar penempatan bandar memerlukan tindakan untuk menyusun semula perancangan bandar di Malaysia. Bekas tapak pelupusan sangat sinonim dengan persepsi masyarakat yang melihat ianya membawa kesan negatif terhadap alam sekitar perlu diubah dengan kadar segera. Keperluan pembangunan tapak bekas tapak pelupusan dalam konteks pembangunan di Malaysia dinyatakan dalam Dasar Perbandaran Negara dan Dasar Landskap Negara. Pembangunan semula bekas tapak pelupusan bukan sahaja dikatakan dapat mengurangkan masalah alam sekitar, tetapi juga boleh meningkatkan jumlah ruang bandar dan ekonomi bandar. Oleh itu, kertas ini berpendapat perlunya tapak bekas tapak pelupusan untuk dibangunkan semula sebagai taman awam atau di tempat terbuka. Oleh itu, standard perancangan 2 hektar kawasan lapang bagi setiap 1,000 penduduk bandar dapat dicapai. Hujah kepada keperluan pembangunan semula tapak bekas tapak pelupusan kawasan lapang atau taman awam juga akan disokong dengan data literature dan bidang kajian yang menunjukkan kesan peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat bandar berasaskan sebagai kesan pembangunan semula bekas tapak pelupusan sebagai taman awam.
Kata kunci: Perancangan bandar; tapak bekas tapak pelupusan; taman-taman awam; Malaysia
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