Building Malaysian Green Economy Model for Socio-Economic Development (Membina Model Ekonomi Hijau Malaysia untuk Pembangunan Sosioekonomi)
Abstract
ABSTRACT: In the face of economic development, the gap between industrialized and developing countries are still large, and problems associated with the environment have crucially increased. Resource prices are rising and competition for scarce resources has also increased. This is a serious challenge especially for countries that are experiencing industrialization and rapid economy growth like Malaysia. In fact, the environmental, social and economic dimensions are reflected in the green economy concept. Malaysia’s national green economy framework attempts to strengthen the economy through incentives, tax, pricing, regulating and investments. However, it is mostly focused on industries located in urban areas and the social dimension is not clearly made in terms of program and policy tools. This paper introduces a conceptual framework to create Malaysian green economy model for socio-economic development and indicates the endogenous links within and across the economic, social and environmental sectors. It defines pathway to sustainable development which is about government intervention that helps the economy to determine the technological changes. This study is therefore an overview of the initiatives and opportunities for green economy implementation in Malaysia.
Keywords: Green economic; socio-economic; policy implementation
ABSTRAK: Dalam menghadapi pembangunan ekonomi, masih terdapat jurang antara negara-negara perindustrian dengan negaranegara yang sedang membangun dan masalah-masalah yang berkaitan dengan persekitaran telah bertambah dengan mendadak. Harga sumber meningkat seiring dengan persaingan untuk sumber yang terhad. Perkara ini merupakan cabaran yang serius terutamanya untuk negara-negara yang sedang mengalami perindustrian dan pertumbuhan ekonomi yang pesat seperti Malaysia. Hakikatnya, dimensi persekitaran, sosial dan ekonomi dicerminkan dalam konsep ekonomi hijau. Rangka kerja ekonomi hijau negara Malaysia dilihat dapat mengukuhkan ekonomi melalui insentif, cukai, harga, mengawal selia dan pelaburan. Walau bagaimanapun, kajian ini lebih tertumpu kepada industri yang terletak di kawasan bandar dan dimensi sosial tidak dibuat dengan jelas dari segi program dan alat dasar. Kajian ini memperkenalkan rangka kerja berkonsep untuk menghasilkan model ekonomi hijau Malaysia untuk pembangunan sosioekonomi dan menunjukkan pautan dalaman merentasi sektor ekonomi, sosial dan alam sekitar. Ini menentukan laluan kepada pembangunan lestari iaitu mengenai campur tangan kerajaan yang membantu ekonomi untuk menentukan perubahan teknologi. Justeru, kajian ini merupakan gambaran keseluruhan tentang usaha dan peluang untuk pelaksanaan ekonomi hijau di Malaysia.
Kata kunci: Ekonomi hijau; sosioekonomi; pelaksanaan dasar
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