Sejarah Perkembangan Ekonomi Semenanjung Tanah Melayu dan Sifat Ekonomi Masyarakat Melayu Era Pra- Kolonial (The Historical Development Of The Malay Peninsula Economic And Malay Society Economic Nature Pre-Colonial Era)

Abstract

ABSTRAK: Kajian ini menganalisis sejarah perkembangan ekonomi Semenanjung Tanah Melayu dan juga sifat ekonomi masyarakat Melayu di kawasan Pantai Timur dan utara Semenanjung Tanah Melayu era pra-kolonial. Kaedah kajian yang digunakan adalah berdasarkan kaedah penelitian terhadap sumber-sumber yang diperoleh di perpustakaan dan Arkib Negara Malaysia. Objektif kajian adalah merungkai sejarah perkembangan ekonomi Semenanjung Tanah Melayu daripada sudut perspektif dunia Melayu, sifat ekonomi masyarakat Melayu era pra-kolonial, dan kesan perdagangan antarabangsa ke atas ekonomi Semenanjung Tanah Melayu pada masa ini. Semenanjung Tanah Melayu menjadi fokus kajian kerana pembentukan ekonominya merupakan tunjang kepada pembentukan ekonomi Malaysia. Sejarah perkembangan ekonomi Semenanjung Tanah Melayu akan memfokuskan kepada kawasan Pantai Timur dan utara. Sementara kajian-kajian yang diterbitkan oleh sarjana Barat lebih memberi penekanan terhadap negeri-negeri di kawasan Pantai Barat Semenanjung Tanah Melayu, majoriti masyarakat Melayu pada masa itu tertumpu di kawasan Pantai Timur dan utara Semenanjung Tanah Melayu. Berbeza dengan hasil kajian sarjana Barat, kajian ini akan melihat sejarah perkembangan ekonomi Semenanjung Tanah Melayu dan sifat ekonomi masyarakat Melayu daripada sudut perspektif dunia Melayu itu sendiri. Ia membolehkan penyiasatan yang mendalam terhadap sejauh mana struktur sosioekonomi orang Melayu berubah hasil perdagangan antarabangsa. Hasil dapatan kajian menunjukkan masyarakat tradisional tempatan dilihat mempunyai kehidupan sosioekonomi yang tersendiri, dengan struktur politiknya berbentuk feudalisme serta terdiri daripada satu masyarakat tunggal sebelum kedatangan kolonialisme British.

Kata kunci: Ekonomi; masyarakat Melayu; perdagangan antarabangsa; pra-kolonial; Semenanjung Tanah Melayu

ABSTRACT: This study analyzes the historical development of the Malay Peninsula economic as well as the economic nature of the Malay community in the East Coast and Northern Malay Peninsula pre-colonial era. The method used is based on the screening methods of the resources that are available in the library and the National Archives of Malaysia. The study objective are to dismantling the historical development of the Malay peninsula economic from the perspective of the Malay world, the economic nature of the Malay community pre-colonial era, and the impact of international trade on the Malay Peninsula economic at this time. The Malay Peninsula became the focus of the study because of its economy is the cord to the formation of the Malaysian economy. The historical development of the Malay Peninsula economic will focus on the East Coast and the North. While studies published by the Western scholar more emphasis on the states on the West Coast of the Malay Peninsula, the majority Malay community at that time concentrated in the East Coast and Northern Malay Peninsula. In contrast to the study of the Western scholar, the study will look at the historical development of the Malay Peninsula economic and Malay society economic nature from the perspective of the Malay world itself. It allows in-depth investigations to the extent to which socio-economic structure of the Malays changing as a result of international trade. Findings showed that local traditional society has their own socio-economic life, with the political structure in the form of feudalism and consists of one single society before the arrival of British colonialism.

Keywords: Economic; Malay society; international trade; pre-colonial; Malay Peninsula