Fungsi Makanan dalam Interaksi Sosial Masyarakat Melayu: Satu Kajian Teks Cerita Rakyat (The Function of Food in Social Interaction: A Folklore Text Study)
Abstract
ABSTRAK: Masyarakat Melayu kaya dengan kepelbagaian makanan tradisionalnya yang tersendiri. Menerusi makanan, latar belakang masyarakat dapat dikenal pasti termasuklah keunikan budaya sesebuah kelompok termasuk cara mereka berinteraksi dalam sistem sosial dapat difahami dengan lebih baik. Kajian ini dijalankan bagi melihat jenis makanan yang tercatat dalam cerita rakyat terpilih iaitu Musang Berjanggut. Kajian ini adalah kajian kualitatif yang menggunakan pendekatan analisis teks dalam mengintepretasi teks sebagai pernyataan yang menjelaskan keadaan dan menyediakan panduan dalam mengenal pasti makanan dan fungsi makanan dalam interaksi masyarakat Melayu pada pelbagai peringkat. Hasil kajian mendapati 29 jenis makanan yang tersurat dalam teks Musang Berjanggut menghuraikan tentang kekayaan makna simbol makanan dan keunikan fungsi makanan dalam dunia gastronomi Melayu. Fungsi makanan juga dimanfaatkan dalam menjelaskan kedudukan sosial masyarakat, status ekonomi, interaksi sosial dalam kalangan masyarakat Melayu.
Kata kunci: Gastronomi; makanan; interaksi sosial; cerita rakyat
ABSTRACT: Malay traditional food has its unique diversity. Through food, the background and culture of the community can be explained. Therefore, the way of interaction between them in the social system can also be well understood. This study was conducted to see the type of food recorded in the selected folklore, namely Musang Berjanggut. This study is qualitative research using a text analysis method to interpret the text as statements that describe the situation and provide basic guidance in identifying food, and their functions in community interaction at various levels. The results showed that 29 kinds of food that are written in the text Musang Berjanggut elaborates on the meaning of the symbol of the wealth of food and the uniqueness of Malay food in the gastronomic world. Functional food is also used in describing social position, economic status, social interaction among the Malay community.
Keywords: Gastronomy; food; social interaction; folklore
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