Simpanan kecemasan dalam kalangan generasi milenium: Perbandingan pengetahuan dan tingkah laku kewangan (Emergency savings among millennials: A comparison of financial knowledge and behavior)

Abd Rahim Abd Razak, Zaimah Ramli, Sarmila Md Sum

Abstract


Simpanan kecemasan merupakan suatu dana simpanan yang boleh digunakan bagi sebarang perbelanjaan luar jangka semasa berlakunya situasi kecemasan, gangguan kewangan atau kegawatan ekonomi yang boleh memberi kesan negatif ke atas kesejahteraan hidup. Generasi milenium menghadapi pelbagai cabaran dalam kehidupan yang menggangu mereka dalam menyediakan simpanan kecemasan. Malahan, simpanan kecemasan mereka turut dipengaruhi oleh tahap pengetahuan kewangan dan tingkah laku kewangan. Justeru artikel ini akan membincangkan pola simpanan kecemasan, tahap pengetahuan kewangan dan pola tingkah laku kewangan dalam kalangan generasi milenium. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif yang melibatkan seramai 364 orang generasi milenium di Kampung Sungai Ramal Dalam, Kajang. Teknik persampelan bertujuan menggunakan borang soal selidik diaplikasikan dalam kajian. Analisis diskriptif dilakukan bagi menjelaskan keseluruhan hasil kajian. Analisis ujian-t pula dilaksanakan bagi membuat perbandingan pengetahuan kewangan dan tingkah laku kewangan di antara kumpulan responden yang ada simpanan kecemasan dengan kumpulan responden yang tiada simpanan kecemasan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan tahap simpanan kecemasan dalam kalangan generasi milenium di Kampung Sungai Ramal Dalam berada pada tahap yang tinggi, yakni dapat menampung sebarang perbelanjaan kecemasan bagi tempoh masa melebihi atau sama dengan tiga bulan. Selain itu, kumpulan responden yang ada simpanan kecemasan mempunyai tingkah laku kewangan yang lebih baik berbanding kumpulan responden yang tiada simpanan kecemasan. Manakala tahap pengetahuan kewangan bagi kedua-dua kumpulan responden adalah tinggi dan tidak terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan. Bagi meningkatkan lagi tahap simpanan kecemasan, pengetahuan kewangan dan amalan tingkah laku kewangan yang berhemah dalam kalangan generasi milenium, program pendidikan kewangan secara komprehensif dan berkala wajar diadakan oleh pihak-pihak berkepentingan. Generasi milenium yang mempunyai simpanan kecemasan mencukupi akan lebih bersedia untuk menghadapi sebarang kejutan kewangan semasa berlakunya situasi kecemasan dan ia juga dapat menjamin kesejahteraan hidup dan kewangan mereka.

 

Kata kunci: Generasi milenium, kewangan, pengetahuan, simpanan kecemasan, tingkah laku 

 

Emergency savings is a savings fund that can be used for any unexpected expenses during an emergency situation, financial disruption or economic turmoil that can have a negative impact on the well-being of life. The millennial generation faces various challenges in life that hinder them in preparing emergency savings. In fact, their emergency savings are also influenced by the level of financial knowledge and financial behavior. Therefore this article will discuss the pattern of emergency savings, the level of financial knowledge and the pattern of financial behavior among the millennial generation. This study uses a quantitative approach involving a total of 364 people of the millennial generation in Kampung Sungai Ramal Dalam, Kajang. Purposive sampling techniques using questionnaires were applied in the study. Descriptive analysis was performed to explain the overall results of the study. A t-test analysis was carried out to compare financial knowledge and financial behavior between the group of respondents who had emergency savings and the group of respondents who did not have emergency savings. The results of the study show that the level of emergency savings among the millennial generation in Kampung Sungai Ramal Dalam is at a high level, which means that they can cover any emergency expenses for a period of time greater than or equal to three months. In addition, the group of respondents who have emergency savings have better financial behavior than the group of respondents who do not have emergency savings. While the level of financial knowledge for both groups of respondents is high and there is no significant difference. In order to further increase the level of emergency savings, financial knowledge and prudent financial behavior practices among the millennial generation, comprehensive and regular financial education programs should be held by stakeholders. The millennial generation that has enough emergency savings will be better prepared to face any financial shock during an emergency situation and it can also ensure their life and financial well-being.

 

Keywords: Millennial generation, financial, knowledge, emergency savings, behavior


Keywords


Generasi milenium, kewangan, pengetahuan, simpanan kecemasan, tingkah laku (Millennial generation, financial, knowledge, emergency savings, behavior)

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