Communicative Styles of English Students at the State University of Makassar

Murni Mahmud

Abstract


Communication has a crucial function in English language teaching because failure in communication will result in unsuccessful process. Therefore, it is important to investigate the styles of communication used in the classroom, especially by students. The focus of this paper is to explore the expressions used by a group of students to communicate in the classroom. This paper is based on a study conducted in 2015 at the State University of Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. This study focused on two English classes which employed classroom presentations as the learning strategy. To collect data, the researcher recorded the classroom presentations of the two classes. Twelve recordings from twelve groups of students were obtained, transcribed, and analyzed by using discourse analysis approach. The communicative styles used by the students were discussed based on the communication strategies of Dörnyei and Scott (1997) and the students’ talk was analyzed based on Brown’s FLINT system (2000). Findings show that students employed various styles to communicate in the classroom presentations. Their communicative styles can be in the form of speech acts, discourse markers, language choices, address terms, and the inclusion of regional terms derived from the Bugis-Makassar language such as the pronoun -ko and softeners -mi and -ji. Findings of this study are relevant in the development of English language teaching, particularly in an effort to create effective classroom interaction.

 

DOI: http://doi.org/10.17576/gema-2017-1701-13


Keywords


communication; communication strategies; communicative styles; classroom presentation; classroom interaction; English language teaching

Full Text:

PDF

References


Afful, Joseph Benjamin Archibald (2010). Address Terms among University Students in Ghana: A Case Study. Language and Intercultural Communication. 6(1), 76-91.

Ashinida Aladdin (2012). An Analysis of the Usage of Communication Strategies in Arabic Oral Communication. GEMA Online® Journal of Language Studies. 12(2), 645-666.

Amarien, N. (2010). Interlanguage Pragmatics: A Study of the Refusal Strategies of Indonesian Speakers Speaking English. TEFLIN Journal. 8(1), 1-12.

Austin, J. L. (1962). How to Do Things with Words. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Brown, D. H. (2000). Teaching by Principles: An Interactive Approach to Language Pedagogy (4th Ed.). USA: Longman.

Bialystok, E. (1983). Some Factors in the Selection and Implementation of Communication Strategies. In C. Færch & G. Kasper (Eds.). Strategy in Interlanguage Communication (pp. 100-108). Harlow, UK; Longman.

Bialystok, E. (1990). Communication Strategies: A Psychological Analysis of Second Language Use. London: Blackwell.

Claymen, S. E. (2010). Address Terms in the Service of Other Actions: The Case of News Interview Talk. Discourse and Communication. 4(2), 161-183.

Dörnyei, Z. & Scott, M.L. (1997). Review Article Communication Strategies in a Second Language: Definitions and Taxonomies. Language Learning. 47(1), 173-210.

Færch, C., & Kasper, G. (1983). Plans and Strategies in Foreign Language Communication. In C. Faerch & G. Kasper (Eds.). Strategies in Interlanguage Communication (pp. 20-60). London: Longman.

Gee James. Paul. (2011). How to Do Discourse Analysis: A Toolkit. New York and London: Routledge.

Hiba, Qusay Abdul Sattar, Salasiah Che Lah, & Raja Rozina Raja Suleiman. (2011). Refusal Strategies in English by Malay

University Students. GEMA Online® Journal of Language

Studies. 11(3), 69-81.

Hua, Zhu. (2010). Language Socialization and Interculturality: Address Terms in Intergenerational Talk in Chinese Diasporic Families. Language and Intercultural Communication. 10(3), 189-205.

Inan, B. & Fidan, D. (2012). Teacher Questions and Their Functions in Turkish as a Foreign Language (TFL) Classes. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 70(2013), 1070-1077.

Jones, R. H. (2011). Data collection and Transcription in Discourse Analysis. In K. Hyland & B. Paltridge (Eds.). Bloomsbury Companion to Discourse Analysis (pp. 9-21). London: Bloomsbury.

Lee Ji Young, Su Kyoung Mo, So Hee Lee & Kiwan Sung. (2013). Korean English Speakers’ Perception of East-Asian English Speakers’ Performance. The Journal of ASIA TEFL. 10(4), 1-12.

Lee Mun Woo. (2014). Will Communicative Language Teaching Work? Teachers’ Perceptions Toward the New Educational Reform in South Korea. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics. 3(2), 1-12.

Mahmud, M. (2010). Language and Gender in English Language Teaching. TEFLIN Journal. 21(2), 172-184.

Makulloluwa, E. (2013). Code-switching by Teachers in the Second Language Classroom. International Journal of Arts & Sciences. 6(3), 581-598.

Milal, A. D. (2011). Indicators of the Practice of Power in Language Classrooms. TEFLIN Journal. 22(1), 1-15.

Paker, T. & Karaagaç, Ö. (2015). The Use and Functions of Mother Tongue in EFL Classes. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 199(2015), 111-119.

Paribakht, T. (1985). Strategic Competence and Language Proficiency. Applied Linguistics. 6, 132-146.

Poulisse, N. (1993). A Theoretical Account of Lexical Communication Strategies. In R. Schreuder & B. Wittens (Eds.). The Bilingual Lexicon (pp. 157-189). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Peng Wen J., Elizabeth McNess, Sally Thomas, Xiang Rong Wu, Chong Zhang, Jian Zhong Li, Hui Sheng Tian (2013). Emerging Perceptions of Teacher Quality and Teacher Development in China. International Journal of Educational Development. 34, 77-89.

Rido, Akhyar, Noraini Ibrahim, & Radha Nambiar M. K. (2015). Interaction Strategies of Master Teachers in Indonesian Vocational Classroom: A Case Study. 3L: Language Linguistics Literature®, Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies. 21(3), 85-98

Roohani, A. & Zarei, M. (2013). Evaluating Gender-bias in the Iranian Pre-university English Textbooks. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics. 3(2), 1-12.

Siti Nurbaya Mohd Nor (2010). Discourse Markers in Turn-initial Positions in Interruptive Speech in a Malaysian Radio Discourse. Multilingua. 31(2012), 113-133.

Searle, J. (1969). Speech Acts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Senowarsito, S. (2013). Politeness Strategies in Teacher-student Interaction in an EFL Classroom Context. TEFLIN Journal. 24(1), 82-96.

Serag, A. (2011). Teaching English Writing Skills: Developing Learner Autonomy in Japanese Context. International Journal of Arts and Science. 4(10), 223-237.

Setiawati, L. (2012). A Descriptive Study on the Teacher Talk at EYL Classroom. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics. 1(2), 33-48.

Somsai, S. & Intaraprasert, C. (2011). Strategies for Coping with Face-to-face Oral Communication Problems Employed by Thai University Students Majoring in English. GEMA Online® Journal of Language Studies. 11(3), 83-96.

Tan Kim Hua, Nor Fariza Mohd Nor & Nayef Jaradat. (2012). Communication Strategies among EFL Students: An Examination of Frequency of Use and Types of Strategies Used. GEMA Online® Journal of Language Studies. 12(3),

-848.

Tarone, E. (1977). Conscious Communication in

Interlanguage: A Progress Report. In H. D. Brown, C. A. Yorio & R. C. Crymes (Eds.). On TESOL ’77. Washington DC: TESOL.

Triana, Hetti Waluati, Idris Aman. (2011). Speech Act of Refusal among Minangkabau Young Generation: A Reflection of Popular Culture in Social Interaction. GEMA Online® Journal of Language Studies. 11(1), 17-34.

Urea, R. (2013). The Influence of Communication Style on the Reactivity to Social Changes at Mental Deficiencies Preadolescents. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 78, 6-10.

Viriya, C. & Sapsirin, S. (2014). Gender Differences in Language Learning Style and Language Learning Strategies. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics. 3(2), 1-12.

Wakabayashi, R. (2013). Learners’ Roles in a Peer Feedback Task: Do They View Themselves as Writers or Reviewers. The Journal of ASIA TEFL. 10(3), 1-12.

Willems, G. M. (1987). Communication Strategies and Their Significance in Foreign Language Teaching. System. 15(3), 351-364.

Yanfen, L. & Yuqin, Z. (2010). A Study of Teacher Talk in Interactions in English Classes. Chinese Journal of Applied Linguistics. 33(2), 76-86.

Yasser Al-Shboul & Marlyna Maros (2013) Condolences Strategies by Jordanians to an Obituary Status Update on Facebook. GEMA Online® Journal of Language Studies. 13(3), 151-162.

Zuraidah Mohd Don & Tam Shu Sim (2016). Prosody and Particles: A Study of Interaction in a Malaysian Academic Meeting. 3L: Language Linguistics Literature®, Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies. 21(3), 17-33

Zena, Moayad Najeeb, Marlyna Maros & Nor Fariza Mohd Nor (2012). Politeness in E-mails of Arab Students in Malaysia. GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies. 12(1), 125-145.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


 

 

 

eISSN : 2550-2131

ISSN : 1675-8021