Kecekapan dan keberkesanan merupakan salah satu ciri utama di dalam tadbir urus baik. Perolehan kerajaan sebagai bahagian dari pentadbiran awam adalah alat bagi mencapai matlamat pembangunan dan diuruskan menggunakan dana awam dalam jumlah yang besar.Hal ini menjadikan perolehan kerajaan terdedah kepada elemen penyelewengan. Oleh itu, ia perlu diuruskan dengan cekap dan berkesan untuk mencapai keputusan yang optimum melalui penggunaan sumber awam secara bijaksana. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis isu-isu berhubung kecekapan dan keberkesanan dalam pengurusan perolehan awam dan mekanisme bagi menangani isu-isu berkenaan. Kajian kualitatif ini dihasilkan melalui analisis terhadap Laporan Ketua Audit Negara (LKAN) bagi tempoh 8 tahun bermula bermula dari tahun 2011 sehingga tahun 2018 dengan tumpuan kepada teguran terhadap kecekapan dan keberkesanan pengurusan. Metodologi temu bual mendalam turut dilaksanakan bersama informan yang menguruskan perolehan kerajaan di agensi persekutuan,negeri,pihak berkuasa tempatan dan juga badan berkanun serta pegawai di agensi pemantauan dan penguatkuasaan. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa terdapat isu berhubung kecekapan dan keberkesanan dalam pengurusan perolehan melibatkan fasa sebelum perolehan; fasa penilaian; dan fasa selepas keputusan dibuat. Bagi menangani isu ini, kajian ini menegaskan empat ciri utama yang perlu dimiliki oleh pihak pengurusan iaitu teliti; bijaksana; tegas; dan terbuka. Dapatan kajian ini menambahkan khazanah ilmu berkenaan aspek tadbir urus baik dan memberikan input kepada pemegang taruh bagi merangka dasar yang lebih komprehensif bagi memelihara kepentingan awam melalui pengurusan perolehan kerajaan yang lebih cekap dan berkesan.

Kata kunci: Keberkesanan; kecekapan; pengurusan; perolehan awam; tadbir urus

Abstract: Efficiency and effectiveness are parts of key features in good governance. Public procurement as part of public administration is a tool to achieve development goals and is managed using large amounts of public funds. This makes public procurement vulnerable to elements of malpractice. Therefore, it needs to be managed efficiently and effectively to achieve optimal results through the judicious use of public resources. This study aims to analyze issues related to efficiency and effectiveness in public procurement management and mechanisms to overcome them. This research leverages on a qualitative approach via document review of the Auditor General's Report for the period of 8 years from 2011 to 2018 with a focus on audit remarks related to management efficiency. In-depth interviews were also carried out with procurement officers in federal agencies, states, local authorities and statutory bodies as well as officers from monitoring and enforcement agencies. This study found that there are issues regarding efficiency and effectiveness in the procurement management involving the pre-procurement phase; assessment phase; and the post-decision phase. In order to deal with this issue, the study emphasized four main characteristics to be possessed by the management which are thorough; wise; firm; and open. The findings of this study add to the corpus of knowledge on important aspects of good governance and provide input to stakeholders to formulate more comprehensive policies to preserve the public interest through more efficient and effective government procurement management.

Keywords : Effectiveness; efficiency; management; good governance; government procurement

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