General Manuscript Submission Guidelines 

1. Authors have to register first before submitting a article. Please follow specific instructions available at https://ejournal.ukm.my/3l/pages/view/guide
2. Authors are requested to submit their article electronically by using the online submission and review site (http://ejournals.ukm.my/3l). This site will guide authors through the five step submission process.  Submissions that do not adhere to this procedure WILL NOT be considered for the review process.
3. All authors involved in the writing of the article should be included in the submission metadata from the beginning. We will not accept the addition of authors included after the review process has commenced.
4. The author's name must not appear in the article itself for the blind review. Replace name with word 'Author' where necessary.
5. Authors are required to conform to the (Reference Guidelines) as given here if they want their manuscripts to be considered for publication.
6. Authors are to check manuscripts for accuracy of language before submitting to the journal.
7. Manuscripts submitted to 3L go through an internal review and if they meet the basic requirements, they are sent out for double blind review from experts in the field, either from the editorial board or identified reviewers. Comments from the external reviewers are sent to the authors and they are notified of the journal’s decision (accept, accept with revisions, reject). This entire review process will take anywhere between 4 - 6 months after the submission of the article. The editor’s decision is final.
8. We do not encourage multiple submissions. A published author is required to wait at least TWO issues before the publication of another article. The rule remains in case of co-authorship.
9. Article Processing Fee (APF) RM 1000 or 300USD is charged for papers accepted after the process of review is complete. Authors will have to make the payment before the paper is uploaded.

3L Journal Technical Guidelines

1. Authors are required to use the style template (Style Sheet Template) and format the manuscript accordingly before submission.
2. All manuscripts must be typed in Microsoft Word and single-spaced. Margins are to be set at Normal (2.54cm all round) and paper size at A4 (21 x 29.7cm).
3. Submissions should not be less than 5000 words and not more than 7000 words (excluding abstract, references, author/s biodata and appendix). 
4. The text is single-spaced; uses a 12-point font; employs italics, rather than underlining (except with URL addresses); and all illustrations, figures, and tables are placed within the text at the appropriate points, rather than at the end.
5. Each manuscript must have an abstract (not exceeding 250 words) and 5 key words. Manuscripts that do not adhere to this will not be considered for review.
6. Authors are encouraged to include hypermedia links within their article and ensure these are ready to use.

Preparation Checklist

1. It is understood that a manuscript submitted to 3L has not been published and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere.
2. The submission file is in Microsoft Word file format. A4 page layout is used. DO NOT upload a PDF file.
3. Where available, the most current URLs for the references have been provided.

Disclaimer

1. 3L retains the right to electronically distribute accepted manuscripts but the authors will retain copyright and may republish the article as long as they acknowledge 3L as the original publisher.
2. The Editorial Board reserves the right to make editorial changes to any manuscript accepted for publication to enhance clarity and style.